1. High-rise steel structure technology: According to the building height and design requirements, a variety of structural forms such as frame, frame support, cylinder or giant frame are adopted. Its components are mainly steel, light and ductile, suitable for super-high buildings. At the same time, materials such as rigid reinforced concrete and steel tube concrete are also widely used.
2. Space steel structure technology: Space steel structure has the advantages of light weight, high rigidity, beautiful appearance and fast construction speed. Among them, ball node flat grid, multi-layer variable cross-section grid and grid shell with steel tube as rods are the main structural types of space steel structure in my country. In addition, large-span cable suspension structure and cable membrane structure are also widely used.
3. Light steel structure technology. This technology uses wall and roof enclosure structures made of light color steel plates to form a new structural form. It is welded or rolled with large-section thin-walled H-shaped steel wall beams and roof purlins. These components are made of steel plates with a thickness of more than 5mm, which ensures the stability of the structure. At the same time, the flexible support system made of round steel and high-strength bolt connections enable the formation of a light steel structure system. The column spacing of this structure is flexible, ranging from 6m to 9m, the span can reach 30m or more, the height can reach more than ten meters, and it is equipped with a light crane. The amount of steel used per square meter is only 20-30kg, which is very economical. In addition, this technology has been standardized, the design procedures and production enterprises have been specialized, the product quality is high, the installation speed is fast, and it is not restricted by seasons. It is very suitable for use in various light industrial plants.
4. Steel-concrete composite structure technology. This technology combines the advantages of steel or steel pipes with concrete components to form a beam and column load-bearing structure. In recent years, its application scope has been continuously expanded. The composite structure not only has high overall strength, good rigidity, and excellent seismic performance, but also improves fire resistance and corrosion resistance when using an external concrete structure. In addition, the composite structure components can reduce the amount of steel used by 15-20%. At the same time, the composite floor and steel tube concrete components also have the advantages of less or no formwork and convenient construction, and have great promotion potential. This structure is suitable for multi-story or high-rise building frame beams, columns and floor slabs that bear large loads, as well as industrial building columns and floor slabs.
5. High-strength bolt connection and welding technology. High-strength bolts transmit stress through friction and are composed of three parts: bolts, nuts and washers. Their connection construction is simple, dismantling is flexible, and they have high bearing capacity. At the same time, they have the advantages of good fatigue resistance, good self-locking and high safety. In engineering, high-strength bolts have gradually replaced riveting and partial welding and become the main connection method in steel structure production and installation. For steel components made in the workshop, automatic multi-wire arc buried welding should be used for thick plates, while melting nozzle electroslag welding and other technologies are suitable for box-shaped column partitions. In on-site installation and construction, semi-automatic welding technology and gas shielded flux-cored welding wire and self-shielded flux-cored welding wire technology are often used.
6. Steel structure protection technology. This mainly includes three aspects: fire prevention, corrosion prevention and rust prevention. Fire retardant coatings are usually used for treatment, and no rust prevention treatment is required. However, in buildings with corrosive gases, corrosion prevention treatment is still required. There are many types of fire retardant coatings in China, such as TN series, MC-10, etc. Among them, MC-10 fire retardant coatings include alkyd enamel, chlorinated rubber paint, etc. During construction, it is necessary to select appropriate coatings and coating thickness according to the steel structure type, fire resistance level and environmental requirements.
